Ninjutsu in Gilles Plains, South Australia, Australia | Gym/Physical fitness centre

Ninjutsu

Locality: Gilles Plains, South Australia, Australia

Phone: +61 1300 464 652

Address: Wandana Primary School Gym 5086 Gilles Plains, SA, Australia

Website: https://www.ninjaclan.ninja

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25.01.2022 The Shinobi no Maki accredited to Yoshimori

24.01.2022 Nikki Yubai the Lord of Iga that was exiled by the people

22.01.2022 Map of Iga Ueno and Nagata, the home of the family of Toda Zairoku

22.01.2022 Please enjoy my latest blog post... The other kind of Shinobi - Toda's Mitsumono Kamari While you are there please dont forget to check out our books and hand c...arved inkan stamps available on our website! and don't forget to subscribe to the site...

21.01.2022 The 1,300 Mountain Fortresses of Iga and Kka Legends and stories are one thing, but archeological evidence is everything. There have always been stories of how... violent and harsh the life and training were for a shinobi from Iga and Kka during the Warring States period. But very few reliable written records remain. So just how rugged and tough were these shadow warriors who ruled the night? Well, we may never know, our imaginations tend to get the best of us when pondering ninjutsu and its actual history. But historians do know from archeological evidence in the form of fortress remains and ruins that there were many small castles and wars in the villages of both Iga and Kka. According to Mr. Toshinobu Watanabe, author of the 2020 book Kka Ninja no Shinjitsu (The Truth About Kka Ninja), it was through these skirmishes that the influential people of the villages became bushi () or warriors.* They were half Farmer, half bushi, and were regarded as local clans, each with their own chief or Lord. Most never to get much bigger than a large village. But again, what were they like? How badass were they in reality? As I mentioned there is not much recorded evidence from the Warring States period, but Mr. Watanabe’s research shows there are remains and ruins of about 200 medieval fortresses in Kka city alone, and close to 300 more in the small county of Kka. At a lecture on the history of ninjutsu by Mie University’s official Shinobigaku researcher, Mr. Yuta Sakai, I also learned that in Iga Province alone there are 771 confirmed fortress ruins, with 300 of those right in the city of Ueno.* That is an insane amount of fortress ruins in such a small area. Iga and Kka together only take up about as much space as the state of Rhode Island in the USA. Iga Province in the Warring States period was approximately 266 square miles. That is nearly 1,300 confirmed fortress ruins in under 300 square miles. To give you an idea of just how unusual this amount of ruins and remains is, let us look at another region in the same prefecture, Shima (). In Shima there are only 42 confirmed fortress ruins. Iga and Kka's fortress ruins are important historical relics that give us an idea of the nature of these small chiefs and lords. It is clear to see they were violent and led lives most likely full of warfare. According to Watanabe, the style and design of each of the remains of the fortress sites in Iga and Kka varies depending on the historical context in which they were built, but what is consistently conveyed throughout is that, with only a few exceptions, they are all: 1 - Small in scale. 2 Simple structures 3 Situated in close proximity to each other Based on this evidence we can say that in the olden days of Iga and Kka, it was common to have several small castles or fortresses in any given village. Using these statistics, in some cases, there must have been villages with at least seven or eight fortresses at any given time. In other words, the castles of Iga and Kka, as shown in this archeological context were, at most, like forts, with a square of about 50 meters on one side, surrounded by a moat and earthen mounds a few meters high.*** One of the reasons for this kind of simple fortress building and their high numbers is due to the topography of the land. If you are in a region with wide open spaces and few hills or mountains, then you do not need as many fortresses. You have a wide-open range of sight. But here in Iga and Kka the land is very mountainous and where it is not it is very hilly. This requires more fortresses on various hill tops and such to maintain a good vigilance against the enemy. Watanabe states in his book that There is no doubt that one of the reasons for the abundance of castles is the highly unusual topography of the valleys, which are all so similar that a first time visitor often does not know where he or she is at any given time. Something to consider for a moment, a fortress or a castle is an instrument of war. They were objects of attack and were used for protection against such attacks. In a Warring States period Kka document by the Ohara family, an article on it calls for the villagers to hide in their "nearest castle" with weapons in hand when they are attacked. So, in old Iga and Kka a fortress should be understood as something used to hide in during times of war with the neighbors. Not large-scale provincial defense. I think all of this leads to one thing. The men and women of Iga and Kka during the warring states period lived a very treacherous life. One surrounded by betrayal, fortress walls and towers in the misty mountain tops just to the northeast of the capital and all its intrigue. To survive they needed to be tough, to thrive they needed to be ever vigilant, even against their neighbor. Ninpo Ichizoku! Sean Askew - Dt Bujinkan Koksai Renkoumyo www.bkrbudo.com November 30th, 2020 References: Kka Ninja no Shinjitsu () Watanabe Toshinobu (), (2020/2/13) *Page 32 ***Page 33 **Historical Truth of the Ninja: Who They Were (Lecture at Cleveland State University) Yuta Sakai, Edo Period ninjutsu researcher from the Mie University International Ninja Research Center March 10th, 2019

19.01.2022 Understand...go play

19.01.2022 HAPPY HAPPY BIRTHDAY to Hatsumi- Sensei. May your life be totally blessed in every way. We are so grateful for you and all that you have given us.

19.01.2022 Note the disclaimer within...

18.01.2022 deepest condolences to Soke Hatsumi and his family.

17.01.2022 Some interesting things coming out of the chronicles on the history of Mt. Izuna and Mt. Togakushi (Togakure)... Ongyojutsu is an old term for ninjutsu, as ...seen in the attached photo. In the other picture we find the term Kitsune Ongyo an old form of ninjutsu based on fox-magic known as Izuna no Ho. Without a doubt, Izuna and Togakushi were hotbeds for Shugendo monks...and more than legend says that the roots of Japan’s ninjutsu lies there as well. Ninpo Ichizoku!!!

16.01.2022 Evidence for the resiliency of the Iga-no-mono shinobi warriors Most ninjutsu history enthusiasts are aware that the Iga province was conquered by Oda Nobunaga ...in 1581 CE after a failed attempt in 1579 CE by his son Oda Nobukatsu. This battle, in Japanese, is called Tensho Iga no Ran. But did you know the men of Iga made a bit of a comeback??? Oda Nobunaga's large army of approximately 42,000 men attacked the Iga warriors, totaling 10,000 men at most. When the Oda forces advanced, they burned down castles, shrines, and temples. The most significant battles were the siege of Hijiyama Castle (the headquarters for the northern Iga forces defended by Momota Toubei and Toda Zairoku) and the siege of Kashiwara Castle in the south (defended by Momochi Tanba Yasumitsu, headmaster of Gyokko and Togakure Ninpo). When Hijiyama castle was about to be lost, Momota Toubei and Toda Zairoku escaped at night and fell back to Kashiwara to support Momochi. Vastly outnumbered, the Iga forces quickly surrender at Kashiwara Castle on October 8, 1581 CE. But nearly all the major Iga shinobi commanders, including Momochi, Momota and Toda, seem to have escaped during the night before the surrender. Large scale Iga resistance ended and control of the Iga province was handed over to Oda Nobunaga's son, Nobukatsu. Fortunately, as you will see below, the Iga-no-mono and their secretive shinobi would live on to fight another day. In June of 1582 CE Oda Nobunaga committed suicide after being surprise attacked by Akechi Mitsuhide at Honnoji temple. Immediately upon receiving this information, the Iga-no-mono rose up from the various places they had been hiding in. The military chronicle, Seishu Gunki (), describes this as the "Iga Province Dust Uprising" The Iga-no-mono quickly took back Fukuchi Castle at Tsuge, attacked Oda commanders Fukuchi Iyo and Ikejiri, driving them out of Iga and back to Ise. Sawa Rokuro (), Akiyama Ukon (), Yoshino Miyauchi () and others from Yamato were dispatched to suppress the uprising against the guardian of Iga () Nikki Yubai () at Heiraku-ji Temple in the heart of Iga. In a sense, it was this Nikki Yubai that set off the chain of events into action that led to Oda’s invasion of Iga. After officially being appointed guardian of Iga, with Oda Nobunaga’s approval and support, he was invited by the countrymen of Iga to come to Iga from Eshu. After staying in Sanda for a while, he entered Iga province and settled at Heirakuji Temple () in Ueno. He ruled as the lord of Iga, but the countrymen came to despise him for his policies. A fissure gradually arose between them and in 1577 CE, he was exiled to Shigaraki in Koka after a confrontation with Momota Toubei over a Buddhist statue. This event in turn infuriated Oda Nobukatsu causing him to underestimate the warriors of Iga and fail miserably in his attempt to invade the province in 1579 CE. This embarrassment to the Oda family caused daddy, Nobunaga, to invade a second time in 1581 CE, this time they would not lose. In the above mentioned Seishu Gunki we find the following entry about Hattori Hanzo and the Kuki family; Also, Tokugawa Ieyasu added Hattori Hanzo and his 100-man musketeer units to his forces. In total, the forces of the Iga/Ise army numbered more than 30,000 men. Takigawa had long been taking hostages from the southern samurai families (to ensure loyalty). However, Tamaru Nakatsugu Shosuke (), Kuki Osumi no Kami (), Sawa Genrokuro (), Akiyama Ukon Shogen (), and Yoshino Miyauchi Shosuke (), at the advice of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, plotted a rebellion and became allies of the Hashiba clan (). Oda Uenosuke Nobukane ()also sided with Hideyoshi I find this to be clear and compelling enough evidence to demonstrate that ninjutsu was not squashed out by Oda Nobunaga and his invading forces. It seems to be quite the contrary. It also shows that by the end of the Sengoku Period the warriors of Iga were advanced marksmen and were held in high regard for this. More so than their skills in invisibility and magic. As soon as Nobunaga was dead the shinobi of Iga quickly sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu to form his personal bodyguard and sharpshooter unit. Ieyasu and his family in Mikawa province had been long-time benefactors of both Iga no mono and Koka no mono, so it was a natural transition. The next question that pops up in my head is, what would they have done had Oda Nobunaga not died at Honnoji? Would they have still risen up and try to take Iga back, or would they have stayed in hiding and make a new start elsewhere? The search continues... Ninpo Ichizoku!!! Sean Askew Dt Bujinkan Kokusai Renkoumyo August 23, 2020

16.01.2022 "Practicing under Takamatsu-sensei always gave me a shudder. It was always painful. Pain that would last with me for days. The man knew how to kill. Compliments... were nonexistent. His instruction under Toda-sensei was even more severe. The slaughterhouse. That is what he called Toda-sensei's dj during his time there. He was told that only through suffering can you truly grasp the essence of ninjutsu and what it is to persevere in life. He taught me that a true master of bujutsu is not there to be a disciple's friend. They are not meant to be like a parent who nurses their young. To survive in combat and in life, the trials must be difficult, often painful. A true master pushes his student not just physically, but psychologically as well. Then, he observes. Will the student stay the course? Will he stop and give up? Will he become angry? Feel betrayed? Is he led by his emotions or ego? Will he break? These tests go on for years. In that time, an individual's true character will emerge. The true disciple never wavers throughout his life, his spirit sharpened. He rises to a level of master himself one day. Such men are rare. Maybe one or two in a lifetime. Most disappear of their own accord. Yet, those few that stay humble and remain, rise alongside the master, mirroring his image, and slowly become a living embodiment of the ry." - Masaaki Hatsumi See more

15.01.2022 Some of Sean Askews fantastic research work from 3 years ago... https://www.facebook.com/groups/bujinkanforum/permalink/3316196668491056/

14.01.2022 The 'First Lady' of Ninjutsu...

14.01.2022 Always fear the old dog on the battlefield moving slowly with purpose, he didn't get to be the old dog on the battlefield by being unskilled or without heart!

14.01.2022 Recently, my Hidden Lineage research partner Javier Morla and I have come across some new information, at least to us, that sheds some light on more ninjutsu be...ing passed on at Matsumoto Castle. It is funny because 3 years ago when I started this research, there were several prominent individuals deeply involved with ninjutsu research that doubted if the Togakure Ryu was a real historical ninjutsu lineage and scoffed at the idea that Matsumoto castle had any ninjutsu passed on there at all. Since then, we have come a long way... First, we learned that not only did the Matsumoto Castle pass on the traditions of the Togakure Ryu (also known as the Ito Ryu), but they also passed on the heritage of the Akutagawa Ryu as I have discussed in previous Facebook posts. Now, as we have discovered, Matsumoto was also the home of the Aoki Ryu. Therefore, the Toda lords of Matsumoto had three schools of ninjutsu within the domain and their cousins from their original homeland in Mikawa had another school in the Ogaki domain known as the Mino Ryu. The Toda clan back in Mikawa was also known to regularly recruit shinobi from Koga. Here are all the ninjutsu schools related to the Toda family that I am aware of at this time, there may be several more Toda Matsumoto Domain = Togakure/Ito Ryu, Akutagawa Ryu, Aoki Ryu (Later moved to Matsumoto with Toda family) Toda Toba Domain = Akutagawa Ryu Toda Ogaki Domain = Mino Ryu Toda clan in Mikawa = Koga Ryu I would like to remind my readers that the Toda-Matsudaira family of Matsumoto Castle is the same family as Toda Hisajiro (Shinryuken Masamitsu), Toda Hisasuke and Toda Gosuke. They are all cousins to the Lords of the castle. Currently, I still do not have much information on this Aoki Ryu, such as its specialty, or even its founder. But we do know without a doubt it was transmitted at Matsumoto within the Toda family. Most likely right up till the end of the Edo period. I believe this because the Akutagawa Ryu and the Togakure Ryu were also passed on up until modern times. I also am convinced of this, because Aoki Kazuhiro (1828~1856) married the daughter of the 6th Matsumoto Domain Lord, Toda Mitsuyuki. This highly suggests that the Toda family and the Aoki family were keeping close relations right up until the end of the Edo period. To celebrate the rich ninjutsu history of the Toda family, BKRBUDO is proud to announce our new line of Toda clan themed shuriken. The first design is complete, and I have received the first batch just yesterday. The first shuriken is a senban style design with the Toda-Matsudaira family’s family crest cut out of the center. They will be ready for sale on my website in a few days. The second and third types are being made now as I write this and hopefully, we will have those up on the site in a few weeks. The search continues Sean Askew - Dt Bujinkan Kokusai Renkoumyo December 27, 2020

13.01.2022 When a cat falls out of a tree, it lets go of itself. The cat becomes completely relaxed, and lands lightly on the ground. But if a cat were about to fall o...ut of a tree and suddenly make up its mind that it didn’t want to fall, it would become tense and rigid, and would be just a bag of broken bones upon landing. In the same way, it is the philosophy of the Tao that we are all falling off a tree, at every moment of our lives. As a matter of fact, the moment we were born we were kicked off a precipice and we are falling, and there is nothing that can stop it. So instead of living in a state of chronic tension, and clinging to all sorts of things that are actually falling with us because the whole world is impermanent, be like a cat. ~ Alan Watts Thanks to Rita Bletgen

12.01.2022 Merry Christmas everyone!!! Danshi from the Tora no Maki (Gyokko Ryu) Danshi (Bullet Finger)... The character for dan means a pellet, bullet, projectile, to shoot, to catapult, etc while shi means finger. Together these characters form the word Danshi which roughly translates into bullet finger or launched finger. But on a much deeper level this word has many Buddhist implications. The first is to snap the thumb and the forefinger together to create a snapping noise like the way we snap our fingers in the west. This custom comes from India and is the Buddhist way of expressing the following: permission, joy, warning, understanding, etc. In Japan this custom is still practiced among the Zen sect of Buddhism, when exiting a toilet this action is believed to leave all negative energies behind them or when entering a room or area considered to be sacred. A second meaning of the Buddhist term Danshi is a truly short period of time. There are 12,000 Danshi in one complete day. The last meaning is to reject or to criticize. So, we can surmise from the various meanings in this name that the motions will be quick like a flash and the position of the thumb after making this snapping motion with the forefinger and thumb will fall naturally into the Boshi ken position, also called Danshi Ken in the Gyokko Ryu. There are many Kuden to this waza. There is kyusho study, various strikes, leverages, grips, breaks and throws to be studied in this form. (Base form) The opponent grabs my right lapel at the chest with his left hand. With my right hand I apply the grip for omote gyaku dori to his left hand. The opponent suddenly punches at my face with his right hand. With my left arm I receive the opponent’s right punch, I then quickly strike the opponent’s chest with my left Boshi Ken (Danshi). At the same time, I kick the opponent’s left hip with my right leg and at the same time apply omote gyaku dori. The opponent will fall to the ground face up and I kick with my right foot to the opponent’s ribs. Remain aware. Notes: A) The two forms Danshu and Danshi can be thought of as a pair. B) These two forms set the theme for the school’s main concepts. C) Striking with a hand that open and closes just before impact (Fudo ken, Nio Ken and Kitenken or Shuto) and D) striking with the fingertips. In this form it is important to study the various kyusho that are open on the opponent and learn the various types of finger strikes that can be applied to those areas. Sean Askew Christmas Day 2020

11.01.2022 Recently my research partner for the Hidden Lineage, Javier Morla, came across an interesting find in some Iga and Koga Ryu ninjutsu documents mainly concerning... Shinobi hinawajutsu In them we find another Toda... Toda Katsutaka , commonly known as Saburoshiro . A Daimyo who is recorded to have regularly employed Shinobi from Koka. This branch of the Toda supported Oda Nobunaga and his invasion of Iga. (as the Koka Shinobi and nobushi are rumored to have done)

10.01.2022 Taking my fave gym chick through her rehab session...

10.01.2022 Happy New Year Everyone!!! Here is a little gift for you to enjoy... This is especially for all the female Shinobi out there!... Not only is there evidence that female Shinobi did in fact exist in the historical record, but one Koga woman was even a founding headmaster of a ninjutsu lineage. Ninjutsu historian and author, Nakajima Atsumi, states in his book "Ninja no Heiho, Sandai Hidensho o yomu" that a woman named Umemura Sawano is mentioned as the founder of a school of Koga ninjutsu in the 1827 secret ninjutsu manuscript titled "" (The Secret Book on Stealth and Cunningness), a book of ninjutsu handed down in the Matsushiro clan in the lineage of Takeda Shingen. 2017P. 328 Here are a few pages from the 1827 secret book. I found some of the diagrams on Kuji rather interesting. Enjoy and happy holidays!!! https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/item/rb00003791 Sean Askew - - Doto Bujinkan Kokusai Renkoumyo January 1st, 2021

08.01.2022 In defense of the Shinobi Shzoku For a long time, ninjutsu enthusiasts have argued back and forth regarding the authenticity of the image of the black clad nin...ja that we have today. Some argue that a ninja-suit never existed in the Warring States period or even in the Edo Period. There are even some extremely popular authors on the subject of ninjutsu that claim there is a complete lack of evidence supporting the stereotypical image of the shadowy warrior of the night. I would like to present some information, that may be old to some, that supports the idea of a ninja-suit, often referred to in books on ninjutsu as a shinobi-shzoku (). To make my argument at least valid and understandable I need to mention a few things. First, I am going to reference a document from the Kami-Izumi Ryu of Heiho, the Kinsetsushu . The Kinsetsushu is a set of scrolls on military science that is said to have been handed down to the Oe family and the Tadagenji clan. It was used in the Kami-izumi Ryu and the ancient schools of military science of the house of the Minamoto. It also is said to have heavily influenced the Koshu school. The scrolls were considered to have been a Japanese translation of the Yin and Yang books of Chinese soldiers brought from Tang Dynasty China to Japan by Oe no Koretoki in the mid-Heian period (794-1185 CE) but there is no record to be found of Koretoki's arrival in Tang Dynasty China. It is possible that he went there in secret among pirates but at this time it is unclear. The Kinsetsushu was handed down to Kami-izumi Nobutsuna by Ogasawara Ujitaka during the Warring States period, but the authenticity of the earlier part of the lineage is still unclear. So, in the worst case scenario the scrolls were compiled in the late 1400’s to the early 1500’s. As for the contents, in 1808 CE, Kyokutei Bakin wrote, "It is a forgery of a later man" ("The Tale of Shunkan Monk Miyakojima"), and he is doubtful that Koretoki wrote or created a systematization of military organization such as formations. He believes, the scrolls to have been written in the Middle Ages by using an authentic, older book on military equipment and added to it a book on the art of divination and distribution of troops. Tradition says that the scrolls originally consisted of 120 volumes. But, the number of volumes differs from record to record, making it difficult to estimate the entirety of the original Kinsetsushu collection. My second point to mention is that the Kinsetsushu is a major part of the Kami-izumi Ryu of Heih (military strategy) and martial arts, and..The Kami-izumi Ryu is also a school of ninjutsu and one of its specialties was yasen () or night raids. It is listed in the 1972 edition of the Bugei Ryha Hyakusen by Mr. Kiyoshi Watatani as a school of military strategy (), ninjutsu (), and military rites (). These above two points cannot really be argued. These seem to be reliable statements that are backed up by historical evidence. So, the next point to highlight is a certain passage in the Kinsetsushu regarding night raids that was pointed out to me by Mie University Shinobigaku researcher and writer Mr. Yuta Sakai at his ninjutsu lecture at Cleveland University. Now keep in mind, as pointed out by Japanese historian Mr. Yu Hirayama, author of the 2020 book Sengoku no Shinobi (Shinobi of the Warring States Period), regarding night raids, and I quote, the main players on the battlefields of the night were not the bushi or samurai, make no mistake, it was the shinobi. The passage pointed out to me by Mr. Sakai demonstrates how the warriors should prepare for the night raid. A secret code word should be decided upon. Everyone in the troops should wear a white mark on their sleeve. Everyone in the troops should wear a black robe and a white cloth around their waists. Also send the Shinobi-no-mono to gather at the enemy’s camp, the topography should be well inspected. (Kuden) Following this step by step, we can say that the Kinsetsushu scrolls are one of the main texts of the Kami-izumi Ryu of ninjutsu and the night raid was one of their specialties. Furthermore, their scrolls give them a description for a uniform. A night raid uniform. Therefore, a uniform for the shinobi of the Kami-izumi Ryu to be worn when they go on night raids. Hence, in my opinion, a shinobi-shozoku or ninja suit. Now I am not saying that this is what a shinobi would wear all the time. Indeed, disguises are more likely to be used in most cases. But in the case of the nastiest of the deeds, such as the night raids, assassinations and guerrilla warfare, they are very likely to have worn a black suit very similar to the stereotypical ninja suit we see today in literature and the movies. Now as for masksthat is a no brainer. Nearly everyone in old Japan was accustomed to wearing masks for various reasons. So why not the shinobi. It most definitely would cut down on glare and such at night from the face. But rather than a mask, I would say a true shinobi was more likely to think of it is a large long piece of cloth that could be used for various things as well as a mask when it needed to be so. But this is just my guess and opinion. Maybe one day I will find a passage that is particular to the ninja-mask, but don’t forget the idea was to strike fear into the enemy, so I would think our limit is our imagination in guessing what any particular warrior in the warring states period would have done. TenguOnior even my face should do if you want to strike fear into the enemy (or at least disgust lol). Another interesting yet different topic under the category of Yasen (night raids) within the Kami-izumi Ryu is that of the hanky () or half-bow. It seems natural that the shinobi’s bow of choice would be the shorter and more mobile bow. In the passage before the one above, in the same scroll on night raids, it says the following: You should not wear armor during a night attack, but instead the troops should wear chains underneath their clothes. (There is an old oral tradition that one should inform the troops to not use armor at night even when not attacking) Guns are not preferred, as they glow with flames. You should carry more half-bows. You should have many Tachi (swords), Chouto (long-swords), Tobikuchi (polearm with a hook or blade). You should have many drums and drumskins. Also, depending on the circumstances you should bring Fue (horizontal bamboo flute), Shakuhachi (vertical bamboo flute), small drums, Sh (reed instrument), Hichiriki (reed flute), etc. So, there we have it. Ninja’s (shinobi-no-mono) wearing black clothes with chain mail underneath, carrying the half-bow and sword in the 1400’s or possibly even much earlier. Huh, how stereotypical.right???!!! Ninpo Ichizoku!!! Sean Askew Dt Bujinkan Kokusai Renkoumyo www.bkrbudo.com December 3rd, 2020 Sources: , , , 2006 , Issue 277, ,, 1971 , , , 1962 , , KADOKAWA, 2020 , , , 1972 Historical Truth of the Ninja (Lecture at Cleveland State University), Yuta Sakai, Edo Period ninjutsu researcher, Mie University International Ninja Research Center, March 10th, 2019

07.01.2022 Congrats on the award.

06.01.2022 Kids learn judo through sign language in this unique club! Watch more videos here: https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/ondemand/video/

05.01.2022 Sausage sizzling again... At AutObarn Churchill rd Prospect.

03.01.2022 Nice application of Takamatsu den principles...