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25.01.2022 Knauer have launched the Cannabis Purifier, which is a dedicated preparative HPLC system for batch purification of single cannabinoids from cannabis extracts. The system is designed for method development in a flow rate range of between 10 to 80 ml/min at maximum 400 bar. Due to its modular design, the system can easily be up-scaled to flow rates of 200 ml/min at 200 bar. For more details go to https://rubiconscience.com.au//cannabinoid-oil-purificati/

24.01.2022 There is an increased demand for purer forms of Cannabidiol produced from different sources, such as cannabis extract, paste or oil. This technical application from KNAUER uses HPLC to develop and run a scale-up method that can purify a commercially sourced cannabidiol oil of 71.6% purity up to 94.5%. For a pdf copy of this application go to https://rubiconscience.com.au//15/cannabidiol-purification/ #Knauer #HPLC #chromatography

21.01.2022 Update from Rubicon Science: The Knauer poster HPLC Troubleshooting Guide has proved very popular in the past so we thought that we would give those who missed it another chance to download this useful document covering problems with drifting or noisy baselines, inconsistent peak shapes, peak tailing, and signal fade. Just go to https://rubiconscience.com.au//some-problems-with-hplc-so/

21.01.2022 This latest technical note from Knauer (https://rubiconscience.com.au/2020/08/25/fplc-fluorescence/) illustrates how fluorescence labeling of BSA can give rise to a 24 to 29-fold increase in sensitivity compared to UV measurement at 280 nm, when run on an FPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector (FLD). #KNAUER_HPLC #chromatography

18.01.2022 Measuring UV in a hostile environment? Try using Knauer’s fibre optic cabling. Specialized flow cells are available with flow rates from 1 l/min to more than 10,000 ml/min. See https://rubiconscience.com.au/detectors/ for more details.

17.01.2022 Update from Rubicon Science: An osmolality map of the world is being created by @Knauer, with samples being sent from lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans from around the globe. So far, the lowest osmolality has been measured at Lake Schielow (Schielowsee) in Germany at an impressive 0 mOsmol/kg. The highest osmolality has been recorded from the coast of Sliema in Malta at 1127 mOsmol/kg. Look at https://rubiconscience.com.au//osmolality-of-the-parramat/ and compare the readings we found along the Parramatta River, Sydney Harbour and Bondi Beach. #osmometry

14.01.2022 The purification of piperine and how this simple chemical helped change the history of the world! This Rubicon Science update (https://rubiconscience.com.au//piperine-its-purification-/ ) includes an Application Note from Knauer illustrating how to purify, from black peppercorn, the alkaloid piperine which is the compound that gives pepper its hot flavour. The method includes HPLC at a preparative scale using the Knauer C18 Eurospher II HPLC column, followed by a comparison of analyses of the piperine product using a smaller particle C18 Eurospher II and then a Knauer C8 BlueShell column. Additionally, we have included a piece on how simple spice chemicals, such as the piperine in peppercorns, became so desired by Europeans that they changed the course of history.

13.01.2022 A new application note from BIA Separations illustrates how the CIMac PrimaS monolith column can separate large mRNA from in vitro transcription (IVT) at ambient temperatures in a pyrophosphate gradient. The positive charge of the column, in conjunction with its hydrogen bonding, makes its selectivity entirely distinct from traditional anion exchangers such as QA and DEAE. These exchangers require temperatures of 5070C for large mRNA to elute. For a copy of the technical note go to https://rubiconscience.com.au//purity-analysis-of-mrna-us/

11.01.2022 Update from Rubicon Science PTY LTD Science: This Application Note from BIA-Separations looks at the hydrolysis of -Lactoglobulin (-Lg) by a trypsin solution and compares it to hydrolysis with trypsin immobilized on a Convective Interaction Media (CIM) monolith (https://rubiconscience.com.au//immobilized-trypsin-on-cim/). A CIM monolith enables mass transfer of molecules within its channels exclusively by convective flow. This results in enzymatic conversion, which is no...t limited by diffusion, making CIM monoliths ideal for the preparation of immobilized monolith enzymatic reactors (IMERs). The study found that immobilising the trypsin minimised autodigestion and made the enzyme able to withstand a higher pH for column conditioning. It also demonstrated that, although a CIM monolith with 2 m channels had almost twice the trypsin activity of the monolith with the 6 m channels, there was a slow decrease in the permeability of the 2 m channelled monolith after 10 cycles. #chromatography #monolith See more

10.01.2022 Separating enzyme-produced alcohols with Eurokat-H. Knauer’s Eurokat HPLC column range consists of a sulfonated cross-linked styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer available in several ionic forms (H, Ca, Pb and Ag). It has been developed specially for the separation of organic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and even complex mixtures of these compounds. In this application Eurokat H is used with an isocratic gradient of 0.1N sulphuric acid to separate a wide variety of alcohols typically found in certain enzymatic processes. The Eurokat H cation exchanger is characterized by an outstanding density of functional groups, making it the ideal choice for ion exclusion, size exclusion and ligand exchange chromatography. #chromatography #hplc #analyticalchemistry

07.01.2022 With its therapeutic potential cannabis has become a hot topic. But there is confusion with the use of the terms - hemp, marijuana and hashish. This diagram produced by Knauer should help us understand the correct terminologies so that we are referring to the same things. For more details on Knauer’s cannabis analysis and purification systems see our HPLC (https://rubiconscience.com.au/hplc-systems/) and SMB (https://rubiconscience.com.au/smb-systems/) pages. #chromatography #cannabis #hplc

05.01.2022 This application note uses a Knauer Eurospher C18 column to analyze some of the common additives of cosmetics. Twelve components were separated over a 45-minute run using a Methanol / Water (35:65)/ Phosphoric acid gradient. For a PDF copy of the application note go to https://rubiconscience.com.au//hplc-separation-of-additiv/ #Knauer_HPLC, #HPLC, #chromatography

05.01.2022 A short video on how Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) chromatography works has been produced by Knauer. SMB is a method in process chromatography that enables mixtures to be continuously separated and extracted in two fractions. Its efficiency is significantly higher than batch chromatography, through better utilization of the column stationary phase. Take a look at the video on our Rubicon Science SMB web page https://rubiconscience.com.au/smb-systems/ #chromatography #Knauer_hplc #hplc

04.01.2022 The measurement principle of the Knauer K-7400S Semi-Micro Osmometer is based on the colligative property of freezing point depression (where colligative is defined as the properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent molecules in a solution, and not on the nature of the chemical species present). If a solute is added to a liquid this results in a decreased freezing point of the solution. The depression is 1.858 ...K per 1 mole of ideally solved compound in one litre of water. This effect depends only on the number of particles in the liquid and not on the physical or chemical properties of the solutes. Due to this linear correlation, the osmolality of a sample can be determined by precisely measuring its freezing point. For more details on the Knauer K-7400S Semi-Micro Osmometer go to https://rubiconscience.com.au/osmometers/ See more

02.01.2022 Teaching HPLC? These two experiments are a great introduction to this technique. These experiments were devised for use on the Knauer Education HPLC System but could easily be adapted for use with any isocratic HPLC system. The first experiment looks at the concept of internal standards, with the preparation, dilution, and calculation of standard solutions of caffeine, paracetamol, and theophylline. The second experiment uses these samples with the HPLC to quantify the amount of caffeine in a commercial caffeine tablet. For pdf copies of these experiments go to https://rubiconscience.com.au/hplc-systems/ #KNAUER_HPLC #HPLC #chromatography

01.01.2022 Scaling up your chromatography process can be a complex issue, with the column dimensions, the flow rate, the particle size, the injection volume etc. all needing to be taken into account. Our Conversion Tables page will help you with scale up methodology. It has Volumetric Flow Rate to Linear Flow Rate conversion charts for FPLC scale up, and a link to the free Knauer ScaleUp Converter software tool. There is also a methodology for calculating linear flow rate for CIM monoliths. Take a look at https://rubiconscience.com.au/conversion-tables/