Mandurah Remedial & Sports Massage Clinic in Mandurah, Western Australia | Medical and health

Mandurah Remedial & Sports Massage Clinic

Locality: Mandurah, Western Australia

Phone: +61 415 510 057

Address: 22 Kabbarli Street, Falcon 6210 Mandurah, WA, Australia

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25.01.2022 I have done my certificate in Infection Control Training - COVID 19 Remedial Massage Therapist member of Massage & Myotherapy Australia

23.01.2022 TRAPEZIUS ANATOMY The trapezius provides a direct attachment of the pectoral girdle to the trunk. This large, triangular muscle covers the posterior aspect of the neck and the superior half of the trunk. It was given its name because the muscles of the two sides form a trapezium. The trapezius attaches the pectoral girdle to the cranium and vertebral column and assists in suspending the upper limb. The fibers of the trapezius are divided into three parts, which have diff...erent actions at the physiological scapulothoracic joint between the scapula and thoracic wall. Descending and ascending trapezius fibers act together in rotating the scapula on the thoracic wall in different directions, twisting it. The trapezius also braces the shoulders by pulling the scapulae posteriorly and superiorly, fixing them in position on the thoracic wall with tonic contraction; consequently, weakness of the trapezius causes drooping of the shoulders. To test the trapezius (or the function of the spinal accessory nerve [CN XI] that supplies it), the shoulder is shrugged against resistance (the person attempts to raise the shoulders as the examiner presses down on them). If the muscle is acting normally, the superior border of the muscle can be easily seen and palpated.

22.01.2022 Busines is open slowly. For this coming Saturday and Sunday slot 9am..10:30am..1pm..2:30pm.. Only in my clinic. CheersBusines is open slowly. For this coming Saturday and Sunday slot 9am..10:30am..1pm..2:30pm.. Only in my clinic. Cheers

22.01.2022 Have you met lovely Cristy? Cristy graduated from the Australian Institute of Fitness as a Remedial Massage Therapist and has over 14 years in the massage Indu...stry. She has special interests in pregnancy and relaxation massage but also has training in cupping and hot stone therapy. She is a much-loved Massage Therapist and always puts her clients need first and foremost in every session. Ring 9535 7439 or book online: https://mandurah-physiotherapy.cliniko.com/bookings See more

21.01.2022 Business is close due to Corona virus. Keep safe everyone with this difficult time.Take care.Business is close due to Corona virus. Keep safe everyone with this difficult time.Take care.

21.01.2022 WHATS BEHIND YOUR KNEE? The popliteal fossa is a mostly fat-filled compartment of the lower limb. Superficially, when the knee is flexed, the popliteal fossa is evident as a diamond-shaped depression posterior to the knee joint. The size of the gap between the hamstring and gastrocnemius muscles is misleading, however, in terms of the actual size and extent of the fossa. Deeply, it is much larger than the superficial depression indicates because the heads of the gastrocnemius forming the inferior boundary superficially form a roof over the inferior half of the deep part. When the knee is extended, the fat within the fossa protrudes through the gap between muscles, producing a rounded elevation flanked by shallow, longitudial grooves overlying the hamstring tendons.

21.01.2022 ANATOMY OF SCAPULA AND SCAPULAR REGION The clavicle is the boundary demarcating the root of the neck from the thorax. It also indicates the divide between the deep cervical and axillary lymph sheds (like a mountain range dividing watershed areas): Lymph from structures superior to the clavicles drain via the deep cervical nodes, and lymph from structures inferior to the clavicles, as far inferiorly as the umbilicus, drain via the axillary lymph nodes. The infraclav...Continue reading

20.01.2022 DEEP FASCIA OF FOOT The deep fascia of the dorsum of the foot is thin where it is continuous proximally with the inferior extensor retinaculum. Over the lateral and posterior aspects of the foot, the deep fascia is continuous with the plantar fascia, the deep fascia of the sole. The plantar fascia has a thick central part and weaker medial and lateral parts. The thick, central part of the plantar fascia forms the strong plantar aponeurosis , longitudinally arranged ...Continue reading

19.01.2022 ANATOMY OF LEVATOR SCAPULAE

18.01.2022 Fathers Day is coming, voucher available. Call Cristy 0415 510 057

18.01.2022 Appointments available, Remedial massage, Deep tissue massage, Sports massage, prenancy massage Call/Text Cristy 0415 510 057

17.01.2022 Another Certificate.

16.01.2022 SURFACE ANATOMY OF FOOT The tendons in the ankle region can be identified satisfactorily only when their muscles are acting. If the foot is actively inverted, the tendon of the tibialis posterior may be palpated as it passes posterior and distal to the medial malleolus, then superior to the sustentaculum tali, to reach its attachment to the tuberosity of the navicular. Hence, the tibialis posterior tendon is the guide to the navicular. The tendon of the tibialis posterio...r also indicates the site for palpating the posterior tibial pulse (halfway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneal tendon. The tendons of the fibularis longus and brevis may be followed distally, posterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus, and then anteriorly along the lateral aspect of the foot. The fibularis longus tendon can be palpated as far as the cuboid, and then, it disappears as it turns into the sole. The fibularis brevis tendon can easily be traced to its attachment to the dorsal surface of the tuberosity on the base of the 5th metatarsal. This tuberosity is located at the middle of the lateral border of the foot. With toes actively extended, the small fleshy belly of the extensor digitorum brevis may be seen and palpated anterior to the lateral malleolus. Its position should be observed and palpated so that it may not be mistaken subsequently for an abnormal edema (swelling). The tendons on the anterior aspect of the ankle (from medial to lateral side) are easily palpated when the foot is dorsiflexed: The large tendon of the tibialis anterior leaves the cover of the superior extensor tendon, from which level the tendon is invested by a continuous synovial sheath; the tendon may be traced to its attachment to the 1st cuneiform and the base of the 1st metatarsal. The tendon of the extensor hallucis longus , obvious when the great toe is extended against resistance, may be followed to its attachment to the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe. The tendons of the extensor digitorum longus may be followed easily to their attachments to the lateral four toes. The tendon of the fibularis tertius may also be traced to its attachment to the base of the 5th metatarsal. This muscle is of minor importance and may be absent.

16.01.2022 HEADACHE AT THE BACK OF THE HEAD There are many different types of headaches. One of the more common headaches is the suboccipital headache. At the base of th...e skull there is a group of muscles, the suboccipital muscles, which can cause headache pain for many people. These four pairs of muscles are responsible for subtle movements between the skull and first and second vertebrae in the neck. When the suboccipital muscles go into spasms they can entrap the nerves that travel through the suboccipital region. By compressing the suboccipital nerves they set off a series of events that lead to either a tension or a migraine like headaches. CAUSES The suboccipital muscles commonly become tense and tender due to factors such as - Eye strain, wearing new eyeglasses. - Sitting at a computer with our head forward and our head slightly tipped these muscles are doing a significant amount of work. This poor posture eventually causes the muscles to become tired, fatigue, and injured. - Grinding the teeth, slouching posture, and trauma (such as a whiplash injury). SYMPTOMS Common signs and symptoms of a headache stemming from the suboccipitals include - Pain, stiffness, and a dull ache in the upper neck and base of the skull - Pain on the back of the head, and pain in the forehead and behind the eyes. - Sometimes there may be visual disturbances or nausea, but those tend to be more common in migraine type headaches. TREATMENT People often feel relief when icing, stretching, or rubbing the suboccipital muscles. In the early stages rubbing the suboccipital region can reduce or eliminate a headache. When the headaches progress often palpating the suboccipital muscles intensifies the headache. Some people feel a tension band or headache that moves towards the eye. When pushing on the suboccipital muscles, it may increase the intensity of eye pain. Suboccipital headaches are improved with over-the-counter NSAIDs, ice, stretching, therapy, electric, ultrasound, and cold laser treatments. Goals of treatment are to decrease muscle spasms of the suboccipital muscles and trapezius. The poor posture of slouching forward and tipping the head up causes additional injury and spasms to the trapezius and upper back muscles. Treatment always looks at improving these muscles as well. Treatment will focus on improving posture when standing and sitting, to relieve stress and strain on the muscles. In addition massage therapy is excellent at decreasing muscle spasms, pain, tenderness, and tension in these muscles. Stretching will be utilized to enhance flexibility. Strengthening exercises will be utilized for the weak muscles of the neck and shoulder complex. Graston Technique is a very effective tool at decreasing the scar tissue and spasms associated with poor posture, headaches, and suboccipital spasms. Often people with suboccipital headaches have had poor posture for many years, and grass and helps decrease the fascial adhesions and scar tissue from years of poor posture.

16.01.2022 Let's focus on the positive things and not creating more problems for people who are already in pain and anxious about it. So that means, less biomedical/struct...ural thinking and more biopsychosocial thinking. And yes, that includes the BIO. Pain is very complex and we don't always have to know exactly what is going on when someone has pain. Screening for red flags is important. After that, try not to correct all the little details on posture and other assymetrical findings. Every body is different and not perfectly aligned. That's fine. Alignment and posture don't cause pain. It could be a factor. There are also other factors, like beliefs about the pain, coping style, stress, nutrition, social behaviours, anxiety/worrying, depression, activity levels, etc. Let's focus on stay humble and keep it simple. Advice (not fear mongering), exercise and graded exposure are great treatments that work for most people. Not all of course. Let's build strong and resilient people, physically, emotionally, psychologically and spiritually. What do you think of this? Do you agree? See more

15.01.2022 ANATOMY - POSTERIOR SKELETAL MUSCLES - PART I

15.01.2022 WHAT IS THE LINK BETWEEN BACK PAIN AND INDIGESTION? The answer may lie in the link between the digestive and nervous systems. Nerves from the spinal cord connect to both muscles and organs. Those same nerves that link to specific organs also link to specific muscles in the back. When you are experiencing stress in one of your digestive organs, that organ will send a message back to the spinal cord via the same nerve that goes to a corresponding muscle. As a result, the corr...esponding muscle will become tense, contracted and painful. You may have heard that left shoulder or arm pain may be the only symptom that a person is having a heart attack. The primary nerves that go from the spinal cord to the heart are also the nerves that go from the spinal cord to the muscles of the left arm. When the heart experiences stress, the muscles of the left arm contract and become painful. The same pattern exists for all our digestive organs. Whenever one of the digestive organs is stressed we get contractions and pain in the muscles that share the organ’s corresponding nerve root. Massage therapy will ease the muscular tension, however it is very important to identify the root cause of the problem. Therefore, as professional massage therapists, we should always carry out a consultation with our clients, so if necessary, we can refer them to see a specialist. Do you always carry out a consultation with new clients? How long does it normally take it?

14.01.2022 - & The deep palmar arch lies approximately 1 cm proximal to the superficial palmar arch. The palmar skin presents several more or less constant flexion creases, where the skin is firmly bound to the deep fascia, that help locate palmar wounds and underlying structures: Wrist creasesproximal, middle, distal. The distal wrist crease indicates the proximal border of the flexor retinaculum. ... Palmar creasestransverse, longitudinal. The longitudinal creases deepen when the thumb is opposed; the transverse creases deepen when the metacarpophalangeal joints are flexed. Radial longitudinal crease (the life line of palmistry): partially encircles the thenar eminence, formed by the short muscles of the thumb. Proximal (transverse) palmar crease: commences on the lateral border of the palm, superficial to the head of the 2nd metacarpal; it extends medially and slightly proximally across the palm, superficial to the bodies of the 3rd5th metacarpals. Distal (transverse) palmar crease. The distal palmar crease begins at or near the cleft between the index and middle fingers; it crosses the palm with a slight convexity, superficial to the head of the 3rd metacarpal and then proximal to the heads of the 4th and 5th metacarpals. Each of the medial four fingers usually has three transverse digital flexion creases: Proximal digital crease: located at the root of the finger, approximately 2 cm distal to the metacarpophalangeal joint. Middle digital crease: lies over the proximal interphalangeal joint. Distal digital crease: lies over or just proximal to the distal interphalangeal joint. The thumb, having two phalanges, has only two flexion creases. The proximal digital crease of the thumb crosses obliquely, at or proximal to the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint. The skin ridges on the pulp (pads) of the digits, forming the fingerprints , are used for identification because of their unique patterns. The physiological function of the skin ridges is to reduce slippage when grasping objects.

14.01.2022 ANATOMY OF THE HIP REGION AND LATERAL THIGH

13.01.2022 Mothers Day gift voucher available.

13.01.2022 TIGHT HIP FLEXORS CAN GIVE YOU A HEADACHE Can tight hip flexor muscles cause a headache? Certainly, tight myofascial tissue in one region of the body can cause pain and/or dysfunction locally, but as most manual therapists know, it can also cause pain and dysfunction elsewhere in the body. There are many ways that a problem in one region of the body can affect another distant region of the body, including myofascial meridian lines of tension and myofascial trigger point ...referral. But another way is through mechanical kinematic chains of myofascial pulls that result in postural distortion compensation patterns. So, with this in mind, lets examine the kinematic chain of elements that can lead from tight hip flexor musculature to headaches. A kinematic chain of elements simply refers to the links in a chain that are interconnected that involve movement. So, for example, the movement of the lower extremity involves the following kinematic links: foot, leg, thigh, and pelvis. Similarly, the movement links of the upper extremity are the: hand, forearm, arm, and shoulder girdle. And the kinematic links of the axial body are the: pelvis, lumbar spine, thoracic spine, cervical spine, and head. The concept is that motion and posture at one link of the chain affects motion and posture at the other links along the chain. So, here is how it is happening: Tight hip flexor musculature causes excessive anterior tilt of the pelvis, which causes hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine, which causes hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine, which causes hypolordosis of the lower to middle cervical spine with hyperlordosis (hyperextension) of the head at the atlanto-occipital joint, which causes forward head carriage, which causes tight posterior neck muscles, which causes a headache. CONCLUSION When working as a manual therapist, it is necessary not only have excellent hands-on skills, but also understand how the human body functions mechanically and learn to recognize patterns of mechanics and pathomechanics that travel through the body.

12.01.2022 PELVIC FRUCTURE Anteroposterior compression of the pelvis occurs during crush accidents. This type of trauma commonly produces fractures of the pubic rami. When the pelvis is compressed laterally, the acetabula and ilia are squeezed toward each other and may be broken. Fractures of the bony pelvic ring are almost always multiple fractures or a fracture combined with a joint dislocation. To illustrate this, try breaking a pretzel ring at just one point. Some pelvic fractures... result from the tearing away of bone by the strong ligaments associated with the sacro-iliac joints. Pelvic fractures can result from direct trauma to the pelvic bones, such as occurs during an automobile accident. They may also be caused by forces transmitted to the pelvic bones from the lower limbs during falls on the feet. Weak areas of the pelvis, where fractures often occur, are the pubic rami, the acetabula (or the area immediately surrounding them), the region of the sacro-iliac joints, and the alae of the ilium. Pelvic fractures may cause injury to pelvic soft tissues, blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Fractures in the pubo-obturator area are relatively common and are often complicated because of their relationship to the urinary bladder and urethra, which may be ruptured or torn. Falls on the feet or buttocks from a high ladder may drive the head of the femur through the acetabulum into the pelvic cavity, injuring pelvic viscera, nerves, and vessels. In persons younger than 17 years of age, the acetabulum may fracture through the triradiate cartilage into its three developmental parts or the bony acetabular margins may be torn away.

12.01.2022 LIGAMNETS OF THE SHOULDER JOINT The acromioclavicular, coracohumeral, and glenohumeral ligaments. Although shown on the external aspect of the joint capsule, the glenohumeral ligaments are actually a feature observed from the internal aspect of the joint. These ligaments strengthen the anterior aspect of the capsule of the glenohumeral joint, and the coracohumeral ligament strengthens the capsule superiorly.

12.01.2022 HOW TO REALIGN YOUR PELVIS? There are several reasons why an individual may experience a misalignment of the pelvis. Most commonly pelvis misalignments occur due to an imbalance of strength in the pelvis muscles which causes the muscles, joints and the pelvis bones to misalign. Misalignment of pelvis is one of the major causes for back pain, hip and knee pain and also several other musculoskeletal problems. There are various ways you can realign your pelvis. Our pelvis is made of many bones that are fused together. There is a group of bone on the left side and a group on the right side. These two groups of bones come together in the middle and are joined together in the very front by a cartilage. If your pelvis is out of alignment then the entire foundation that your pelvic floor muscles, nerves and...

11.01.2022 NECK, SHOULDER & BACK PAIN AS A RESULT OF CARRYING YOUR HANDBAG ON ONE SHOULDER WHY SHOULDNT YOU CARRY YOUR HANDBAG THIS WAY? Many women carry their handbags on one shoulder, and they tend to favour the dominant, stronger, or non-injured one. Even if the bag is empty and very light, the natural slope of the shoulder means they are going to have to elevate the scapula/shoulder girdle with contraction of the upper shoulders and neck to prevent the bag from sliding off. Thi...s isometric contraction overuses and abuses the muscles of the neck. If the bag is heavy, its even worse because a more powerful muscular contraction is needed, and the strap of the bag digs into the musculature of the shoulder, causing direct physical irritation and cutting off local blood circulation. WHERE DOES THE PAIN COME FROM? Due to your bodys efforts to redistribute the extra weight, your muscles tense more and as such become stiff. The trapezius muscle and the muscles that go from your shoulder to the base of your neck, which sits on top of your shoulders, may spasm and therefore tighten, resulting in a lot of stiffness in the upper back, shoulder area and neck. This may lead to pain when turning your head and the development of arthritis in the lower neck. Some may even develop tension headaches from constantly carrying heavy handbags. As the muscles in your shoulder and neck area spasm, it can result in pain from the back of your skull that radiates around to the front. ADVICE Its better to either wear the bag across the body or to use a backpack.

11.01.2022 BICEPS TENDONITIS What is Biceps Tendonitis? The biceps muscle has two heads, simply named the long head and the short head. With biceps tendinitis, its usually the long head (which attaches to the top front of the shoulder) that gets injured. The long head tendon attaches to the shoulder joint capsule, and it is very near other important shoulder structures, such as your rotator cuff....Continue reading

11.01.2022 RHOMBOIDS MUSCLE PAIN Each one of us has had muscle pain at some point in our lives. Some people, however, experience worsening and commonly occurring muscle pain in certain areas. Among this is rhomboid muscle pain, which is more common and worse than any other pain and is one of the most frustrating pains. There are many people who dont know where exactly is rhomboid muscle situated, but they have felt pain in that region at some time or other for sure. Pain of the rhomb...oid muscle is the pain, which is present in the upper back region just beneath the neck and between the upper shoulder blades. Rhomboid muscle helps in controlling the arms and shoulders. If you have spent an entire day carrying heavy load, then the rhomboid muscle bears the brunt of it. The rhomboid muscle is shaped like a triangle and is a very thin muscle. It is a skeletal muscle that is connected to the bone and helps in movement of the joints. The rhomboid muscles include rhomboid minor muscle and rhomboid major muscle. Rhomboid muscle connects the spine to the medial edges of the shoulder blades along with helping in maintaining a good posture. If these muscles are used excessively then it causes pain. This excessive use can result from playing sports, such as golf or tennis and can also occur from carrying heavy load on the upper back and even wrong movements, such as trying to reach for something heavy from a high shelf. All the muscles in the body are composed of many tiny muscle fibers. They have to move in unison for movement of the joints and limbs. All these tiny muscle fibers build up the muscle and hence are very strong. However, if isolated and left on their own they become weak and become more susceptible to tear. This is commonly seen when an individual goes to gym. Pain in the rhomboid muscle causes difficulty in the patient in moving his/her arms and can be described as mild to severe pain in the upper back. Treatment for Rhomboid Muscle Pain comprises of rest, cold compresses and medications. Possible Causes of Rhomboid Muscle: * Sitting on chair for long time with poor posture especially from prolonged use of computer * Sitting in a car for long time can strain your rhomboid muscles causing inflammation of the rhomboid muscle. Signs & Symptoms of Rhomboid Muscle Pain * Patient experiences pain and loss of movement. This is called as shoulder blade pain or rhomboid pain. * Patient will also have swelling as the body is healing from rhomboid muscle pain. This will result in more discomfort. * In some patients, there is compression of a nerve leading to acute shooting pain resulting in painful and difficult movements.

08.01.2022 So, the whole house was clean and disinfectant today. Specialy my massage room. #safetyfirst #covid19

07.01.2022 Thank you to beautiful client today Shiobhan. #pregnancymassage #25weeks

07.01.2022 Few spots available. Secure your appointment. Call Cristy 0415 510 057.

06.01.2022 SYNOVIAL SHEATHS AND TENDONS OF HAND A. Observe that the six synovial tendon sheaths (purple) occupy six osseofibrous tunnels formed by attachments of the extensor retinaculum to the ulna and especially the radius, which give passage to 12 tendons of nine extensor muscles. The tendon of the extensor digitorum to the little finger is shared between the ring finger and continues to the little finger via an intertendinous connection. It then receives additional fibers from the tendon of the extensor digiti minimi. Such variations are common. Numbers refer to the labeled osseofibrous tunnels shown in part B. B. This slightly oblique transverse section of the distal end of the forearm shows the extensor tendons traversing the six osseofibrous tunnels deep to the extensor retinaculum.

06.01.2022 INJURIES OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT + SHEAR TEST A fall onto the shoulder or outstretched arm frequently causes dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint and damage to the acromioclavicular ligaments. Ligament injury allows the lateral end of the clavicle to move independently of the scapula, causing it to appear upwardly displaced. The clavicle can be pushed down (with significant pain), but will spring back up when pressure is released (piano-key sign). Three grades... of acromioclavicular separation can be distinguished clinically based on the degree of ligament damage (Toss classification). TOSSY I The acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments are stretched but still intact. TOSSY II The acromioclavicular ligament is ruptured, with subluxation of the joint. TOSSY III Ligaments are all disrupted, with complete dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint. Radiographs in different planes will show widening of the space in the acromioclavicular joint. Comparative-stress radiographs with the patient holding approximately 10kg weights in each hand will reveal the extent of upward displacement of the lateral end of the clavicle on the affected side. SHEAR TEST Purpose To test for acromioclavicular joint pathology or injury Technique Patient: sitting or standing with the arm dependent or in a neutral position on the lap. Clinician: standing adjacent to the patient. The heel of one hand is placed posteriorly over the spine of the scapula with the fingers pointing upwards; the other hand is positioned in a similar fashion anteriorly over the mid section of the clavicle. The fingers of both hands are then interlocked over the upper trapezius area of the shoulder. Action The hands are gradually squeezed together, imparting a shear stress through the ACJ created by the approximation of the clavicle and scapula. Positive test Localized pain over the ACJ or increased joint excursion are considered to be positive findings and are indicative of ACJ pathology or injury.

04.01.2022 CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME AND PHALENS TEST What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition in which the median nerve, a major nerve in the... upper extremity that travels down the arm and enters the hand through a very small gap called carpal tunnel located in the central part of the wrist, gets compressed in the carpal tunnel. This causes irritation of the nerve leading to tingling or pain. Typically, this disease affects the thumb, index, and middle fingers. Athletes participating in golf, bowling and tennis are generally affected with carpal tunnel syndrome though the most common cause remains keyboarding activity. The main cause of carpal tunnel syndrome is pressure on the median nerve, which may occur due to swelling or any other injury resulting in narrowing of the size of the carpal tunnel. Carpal tunnel syndrome causes numbness, weakness, pain, or tingling in the hand or fingers. Some individuals experience pain in the arm between their elbow and hand. Carpal tunnel syndrome is first treated by conservative method. The general treatment includes complete rest for the wrist by wearing a splint. Cold therapy helps a lot to relieve the swelling and inflammation. Physiotherapy for carpal tunnel syndrome is important in speeding up the healing process and to get the optimal results. Physiotherapy also decreases the likelihood of recurrences in the future. Physiotherapy may include: Soft tissue massage Electrotherapy Joint mobilization Heat and ice treatments Bracing or splinting Exercises to improve strength and flexibility Activity modification and training Appropriate plan for return to activity PHALENS TEST This test for CTS or Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is also known as wrist-flexion test. During the test which is known as Phalens Test, the patient is asked to flex his wrist for about 60 seconds and ask to report all the symptoms patient experiences. This CTS test has been described in several positions. G.A. Phalen reported in the year 1966 that when the patient held his forearm vertically and let his wrist drop at 90 degrees. Alternately, the wrist can be made to hang down while the arm is held horizontally. Another way of performing this test is to hold both the wrists at 90 degrees flexion against each other with the elbows being flexed too. The fingers will also be pointing in the patients direction. The Reverse Phalens test is one where the patient is made to hold their wrist and fingers, which are fully extended and experiences symptoms which indicate or confirm the diagnosis of CTS or carpal tunnel syndrome.

04.01.2022 CRANIAL NERVES

03.01.2022 LATISSIMUS DORSI ANATOMY The name latissimus dorsi (L. widest of back) was well chosen because this muscle covers a wide area of the back. This large fan-shaped muscle passes from the trunk to the humerus and acts directly on the glenohumeral joint and indirectly on the pectoral girdle (scapulothoracic joint). The latissimus dorsi extends, retracts, and rotates the humerus medially (e.g., when folding your arms behind your back or scratching the skin over the opposite scapu...la). In combination with the pectoralis major, the latissimus dorsi is a powerful adductor of the humerus and plays a major role in downward rotation of the scapula in association with this movement. It is also useful in restoring the upper limb from abduction superior to the shoulder; hence, the latissimus dorsi is important in climbing. In conjunction with the pectoralis major, the latissimus dorsi raises the trunk to the arm, which occurs when performing chin-ups (hoisting oneself so the chin touches an overhead bar) or climbing a tree, for example. These movements are also used when chopping wood, paddling a canoe, and swimming (particularly during the crawl stroke). To test the latissimus dorsi (or the function of the thoracodorsal nerve that supplies it), the arm is abducted 90 and then adducted against resistance provided by the examiner. If the muscle is normal, the anterior border of the muscle can be seen and easily palpated in the posterior axillary fold.

02.01.2022 PES ANSERINE BURSITIS Pes Anserine Bursitis causes pain on the inner side of the knee, approximately 2-3 cms below the knee joint. It typically affects athletes especially runners and swimmers due to overuse, or overweight middle aged females due to increased pressure through the bursa. Pain from pes anserine bursitis usually develops gradually rather than suddenly and tends to get worse with activities such as stair climbing and running. There are a number of things you ...Continue reading

01.01.2022 HEADACHES AND MYODURAL BRIDGES Recent anatomical studies have found that the deep suboccipital (top of the neck) muscles are connected to the dura matter (the covering of the spinal cord) by ligaments. Pulling on a suboccipital muscle moves the dura matter, in cadavers. The suboccipital muscles often atrophy (waste away) in headache sufferers.... Can headaches be affected by using Active Release Techniques (ART) on the the suboccipital muscles: superior oblique, inferior oblique, rectus capitis posterior major and minor? The suboccipital muscles are important little muscles which control fine neuromuscular control of the head. Recent studies have added to our knowledge of the possible connections between headaches and the myodural bridges: Enix et al did microscopic evaluations to confirm that ligaments called the myodural bridges emanate from the suboccipital muscle bellies, and attach to the dura mater in 75% of specimens. These myodural bridges have a hypothetical role in human homeostasis, and they may contribute to certain neuropathological conditions as well. The presence of a neural component within the myodural bridges suggests that they may serve another function aside from simply anchoring the muscles to the dura mater. Such a connection may be involved in monitoring dural tension and may also play a role in certain cervicogenic pathologies (neck pain and headaches). They noted that manual traction of the rectus major in cadavers resulted in gross dural movement from the spinal root level of the axis (C2) to the spinal root level of the first thoracic vertebra. Fernndez-de-Las-Peas found that the greater the headache intensity, duration or frequency, the smaller the cross sectional area of the rectus minor and rectus major muscles. He also foundthat there was a correlation between hyper-tenderness and atrophy of the rectus minor. In these cases pressing on the rectus minor reproduced the patients headaches. The rectus minor was also found to have atrophied by Hallgren, in chronic head pain sufferers. He proposed a theory that whiplash could lead to nerve damage which causes the rectus minor to atrophy. His photo in the picture shows the myodural bridge #4. ART is a hands-on soft tissue treatment of ligaments, muscles, tendons, and nerves. It provides a quick way to make a tight muscle loose, as well as treating conditions such as: tennis elbow, frozen shoulder, shoulder tendinitis, and plantar fasciitis. The technique involves the therapist putting pressure on a tissue, while the patient stretches to move the tissue slowly out from under the contact. The treatment hurts a bit, but only in a way that makes the patient know it is working. The technique works by increasing the nervous systems tolerance to stretch.

01.01.2022 TOP TIPS FOR MUMS WITH BACK PAIN RESULTING FROM HOLDING THEIR BABY Back strain can be caused from lifting and carrying a baby or toddler on a daily basis. It may be the result of lifting incorrectly or the actual weight load and frequency of lifting. A new-born baby may weigh six to ten pounds but by the time they become a demanding two-year-old toddler they may weigh 25 to 30 pounds. You may lift your infant up to 50 times a day to feed, bath and move them around as you ...Continue reading