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25.01.2022 SOFT TISSUE EXAMINATION In a recent article in the ADA bulletin, Dr Sue-Ching Yeoh explains what to look for when examining the soft tissue of the oral cavity. As dentists, we are responsible not only for caring for teeth, but also for the oral mucosa. Soft tissue examination is an integral part of the dental examination and should be performed at every appointment. This process should be completed separately and prior to the dental charting, with any soft tissue abnormality... being recorded photographically, diagrammatically or described in the patient’s treatment notes. Soft tissue should be examined under excellent lighting and magnification where possible. The use of optical adjunctive aids may be helpful in identifying soft tissue abnormalities, however, should not replace thorough examination, good clinical judgement and definitive histopathology where indicated. Clinicians should familiarise themselves with normal mucosal anatomy, as well as variations of normal; as only then can identification of abnormal lesions be made. The lining of the mouth consists of three different types of mucosa: the lining mucosa (e.g. buccal mucosa), masticatory mucosa with its protective keratin layer (e.g. hard palate) and specialised mucosa with papillae and taste buds (e.g. dorsal tongue). Mucosal colouring spans a wide spectrum of pink, ranging from dark reddish pink of the lining mucosa to very pale pink (almost white) of the masticatory mucosa. The colour of the mucosa depends on the vascularity of the tissues, the thickness and degree of keratinisation, the presence of pigmentation and the presence of inflammation. To learn more on this subject, please visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au for course details.

25.01.2022 ***RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY*** Radiologic anatomy is one of the basis of radiological interpretation. Without knowing the normal anatomy and its variants, it is difficult to detect any abnormalities. A significant pathology can simply manifest on an OPG by the absence of an anatomical border. Learn about OPG anatomy and interpretation with Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists at this one day course. For more information, please visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au ... (images courtesy of Ohio Uni)

22.01.2022 ***RED LESIONS*** Lesion redness usually indicates the presence of blood or blood vessels. Vascular dilations may result from inflammation, or in some cases, congenital causes such as haemangioma. Extravasation of blood occurs from trauma to the mucosa, or as a result of poor haemostasis. Areas of mucosal atrophy or erosion, such as the case in erosive oral lichen planus, will also appear red. In rare cases, a significant increase in haemoglobin concentration in the circulati...ng blood, sometimes seen in polycythemia, will cause the mucosa to appear redder than usual. As is often the case with oral mucosal white lesions, clinical characteristics of red lesions, such as location, localisation or presence of widespread involvement, will provide clues to the aetiology. Common red lesions presenting locally include pyogenic granulomas and epulides. Multiple site involvement may be seen with erythematous candidiasis, primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, thermal burns as well as with oral manifestations of various systemic diseases. Erythorplakia is a fiery red patch that cannot be characterised clinically or pathologically as any other definable disease. A significant proportion of erythroplakic lesions exhibit histopathological features of moderate or severe epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in situ at the time of biopsy, and these lesions have a high rate of malignant transformation. With - Sue-Ching Nguyen, Ramesh Balasubramaniam www.maxwellhilledu.com.au #oralmed #oralmedicine #oralpath #oraldiagnosis #orofacialdiagnosis

20.01.2022 ***EARLY BIRD ENDS 19 AUG 2019*** www.maxwellhilledu.com.au/register

20.01.2022 Have you ever been unsure of what imaging modality to use? The PRACTICAL GUIDE TO DENTAL RADIOLOGY is here to help! #dentalradiology #oralradiology #DMFR #OMR #OPG #CBCT #MSCT #MRI #ultrasound #nuclearmedicine #radiologicalinterpretation

19.01.2022 Thanks to everyone who attended ‘Advanced Orofacial Diagnosis and Medicine’ & ‘Advanced Interpretation of OPGs and Intraoral Radiographs’ and made it a great event! Thanks also to the presenters Dr Anastasia Georgiou, Dr Sue-Ching Yeoh, Dr Ramesh Balasubramaniam, Dr Bernard Koong and Dr Tom Huang for their informative and engaging presentations.

19.01.2022 ***RADIOLOGIC INTERPRETATION - What is this lesion?*** Once a disease is identified on an radiograph, an algorithm is employed to identify the specific radiologic features, ultimately contributing to diagnosis. The key features evaluated include: LOCATION - periapical PERIPHERY - well defined, lucent capsule, sclerotic border... INTERNAL STRUCTURE - mixed density SURROUNDING STRUCTURES - no root resorption, PDL space interrupted DIAGNOSIS: Osseous Dysplasia (cemento-osseous dysplasia) To learn more on 'Advanced Interpretation of OPGs and Intraoral Radiographs', join our oral radiologists for this 1-day course. For more information, visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au Early bird ends 19 AUG 2019!

17.01.2022 WHITE LESIONS - PART 1 Oral mucosal white lesions appear commonly and differential diagnoses of these are extensive, ranging from the very innocent (such as geographic tongue), to the more sinister (e.g. cancer). Clinicians should apply several guiding principles to help decide whether the lesion requires further investigation or specialist attention. The location of the lesion, proximity to sharp or rough restorations, as well as their presence unilaterally or bilaterally a...re clues as to the aetiology of the lesion. Isolated, unilateral white lesions may represent reactive keratosis. Other oral white lesions, such as oral lichen planus commonly present bilaterally. Some white lesions can be removed by simply wiping with gauze. Inflammatory exudate and necrotic tissue, collections of debris and fungal elements generally fall under this category. Thickened keratin, which also commonly appears white, is not usually amenable to removal by wiping. (Courtesy of Dr. Sue-Ching Yeoh) If you would like to learn more about this topic, join our oral medicine specialists for a course on Advanced Orofacial Diagnosis and Medicine. Visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au for more information.

15.01.2022 Meet our Specialist Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists and Oral Medicine Specialists. Join them at the Sydney Convention Centre on the 18th and 19th of October 2019 for courses on 'Advanced Interpretation of OPGs and Intraoral Radiographs' and 'Advanced Orofacial Diagnosis and Medicine' https://www.maxwellhilledu.com.au/courses... #oralradiology #dmfr #omr #radiology #OPG #panoramicradiograph #radiologicinterpretation #oralmedicine #oralpath #oralpathology

14.01.2022 ***Advanced Interpretation of OPGs and Intraoral Radiographs*** Friday 19 October 2019 ICC SYDNEY EARLY BIRD ENDS in 3 DAYS! Have you ever been unsure of something on an intraoral radiograph or is that white line on the OPG something serious? Join Clin Prof Bernard Koong and Dr Tom Huang to take your Intraoral radiographic and OPG interpretation skills to the next level!... COURSE TOPICS Detailed radiologic anatomy and normal variants Key radiological appearances which indicate the presence of pathology Radiologic features of benign and malignant lesions what you really cannot afford to miss A systematic method for analyzing radiographs Live reporting of OPGs using a simple template And more To register, visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au

11.01.2022 Have you ever been unsure of something you saw on an OPG or that mucosal lesion on the gingiva? Join us on 18 and 19 OCT for courses on Orofacial Diagnosis/Medicine and Oral Radiology. Registration closing soon. Don't miss out on the 14 hours of CPD prior to end of CPD cycle in November.... www.maxwellhilledu.com.au With - Sue Ching Yeoh, Anastasia Georgiou, Ramesh Balasubramaniam, Bernard Koong, Tom Huang.

08.01.2022 WHITE LESIONS - PART 2 (continued from Part 1 https://www.facebook.com/328537680987985/posts/630587627449654?s=657011797&sfns=xmo) Surface characteristics including homogeneity of texture and colour are important to note. The term leukoplakia refers to a white plaque of questionable risk having excluded known disease or disorders that carry no risk of cancer (WHO 2005). These lesions are considered potentially malignant and require urgent specialist attention.... Premalignant oral lesions and oral cancer may also appear white. A speckled (mixed red and white) appearance is also common. Other clinical features, such as ulceration present for longer than two weeks, induration, rolled margins, non-homogenous surface texture, and in some cases, fixation to underlying tissues and destruction of adjacent bone should alert the clinician to the possibility of cancer. These patients require urgent referral to an appropriate specialist for biopsy. Well documented traditional risk factors for the development of oral cancer include the use of tobacco products (both smoked and smokeless), the consumption of alcohol and the use of areca/betel nut products. In recent years, a proven association between oral and oropharyngeal cancers and some strains of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) have led to HPV infection now being considered as a risk factor for oral cancer (Courtesy of Dr. Sue-Ching Yeoh) If you would like to learn more about this topic, join our oral medicine specialists on 18 OCT for a course on Advanced Orofacial Diagnosis and Medicine. Visit www.maxwellhilledu.com.au for more information. Early bird ends 19 AUG 2019

01.01.2022 Do you have a surgical sieve to prompt you to consider various types of pathologies systematically before reaching a differential diagnosis? www.maxwellhilledu.com.au #orad #omr #dmfr #oralradiology #dmfradiology #OPG #panoramicradiographs #OPGInterpretation #bitewings #surgicalsieve #oralmedicine #oralmed #oralpath #orofacialpain #tmj #tmd