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24.01.2022 We are in for an unusual New Year countdown this year. 23:59:57 , 23:59:58 , 23:59:59 , 23:59:60 , 00:00:00 Yes, it's time for another leap second just before the New Year. Although, for Melbourne, the leap second is added at 09:59:60 on the First of January.

21.01.2022 Image from GOES-16 weather satellite.

19.01.2022 A possible 5th fundimental force has been proposed. Like the strong force and the weak force, it is also a short range force, but it interacts only between electrons and neutrons. http://www.nature.com//has-a-hungarian-physics-lab-found-a

19.01.2022 Nasa has released its recruitment posters. A trip to Mars anyone? hyperlink

17.01.2022 The rover Opportunity, has now been operating on Mars for 13 Earth years. It (like its twin, Spirit) was designed to operate for 90 sols (martian days). A Martian day is just under 24 hours 40 minutes long. In those 13 years it has covered and an average distance of 3.37 km per year. http://mars.nasa.gov/mer/home/

16.01.2022 Today is the Winter Solstice for us in the Southern Hemisphere. At 8.34 this morning (Melbourne time) the closest point on the Earth to the Sun was a position 23.44 degrees north of the equator, the Tropic of Cancer. The Sun today is lower in the noon sky than is is for the rest of the year. The day length (period of daylight) for Melbourne is shorter than it is for any other day of the year, 9 hours 32 minutes, this is 5 1/4 hours less than at the Summer Solstice.

15.01.2022 Friday the 13th. It was almost a full moon last Friday the 13th (full moon was on the 12th). We will not have a Friday the 13th full moon until Friday the 13th of August 2049. The 13th of January was also New Years Eve under the Julian calendar, introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC. In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII introduced the Gregorian calendar, the calendar we use today. Thursday the 4th of October 1582 (Julian) was followed by Friday the 15th October 1582 (Gregorian). (England and the American colonies didn't adopt the Gregorian system until 1752, China adopted it in 1912).

13.01.2022 There are 2 trillion galaxies in the observable universe, of which we only see about 200 billion. A deep-space census of surveys taken from various observatories suggests there are at least 10 times more galaxies than previously thought. 90% of the galaxies in the observable universe are too far away and too faint to observe with our current technology. This inference comes from mathematical modelling based on the number of visible galaxies and their masses. (The visible galaxies were made from the merging of smaller, dimmer and currently undetectable galaxies).

10.01.2022 Can we grow food on Mars (& Moon)? Challenges and results.

07.01.2022 Five-Hundred-Metre Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) - the worlds largest radio telescope, at 500m diameter, is to start searching for radio waves from alien civilisations in September. It is located in Guizhou, China and it's surface comprises 4450 trangular panels.

05.01.2022 The Milky Way Galaxy is being pulled through space by a supercluster of galaxies (the Shapley Attractor/Concentration). But it appears that there may also be a push from the opposite direction involved as well, the Dipole Repeller. https://vimeo.com/189355968

02.01.2022 7 Earth sized planets found orbiting around a red dwarf...Jump in your spaceship today, you will be there in about 700,000 years (if you were travelling at the speed of the voyagers).

02.01.2022 From Cosmos Magazine: Are Mars' moons Phobos and Deimos captured asteroids or were they born in a collision, like our moon? New simulations suggest the latter... https://cosmosmagazine.com/s/where-did-mars-moons-come-from